Sufism comes from the word Tashowwafa - Yatashowwafu - Tashowwuf,
which is the clothing of a Sufi made of sheep's hair (suuf), Sufi
because of the purity (shofa) of their heart is at the forefront
(shaff). The word Sufi is taken from the term ash - shab ash - shuffah,
namely the companions of the prophet who lived on the porch of the
mosque to concentrate on worshiping and being close to the Prophet.
In a sense according to Shaykh Muhammad Amin Kurdish Sufism is the
science that explains the state of the soul (nafs) by which it is known
about the goodness of the soul, how to clean it from its bad qualities
and fill it with praiseworthy qualities, the path to Allah and abandon
its prohibitions. towards Allah's commandments.
Some writers argue
that there is a relationship between Sufism and Zuhud. Therefore,
everyone who is known to live in simplicity and concentration to Allah
is attributed to Sufism, such as Fudhayl bin Iyadh, Abdullah bin
Mubarak, Ibrahim bin Adam and other zuhud experts.
In fact, there
are other opinions that differentiate between zuhud and tasawwuf. Zuhud
in this world is immersed in virtue, practice, and shari'ah and that is
the moral of the prophets, saints and devout servants. Meanwhile, Sufism
is a different concept because if a Sufi is stable with kufr, then
zuhud for him is something meaningless. He sometimes needs zuhud at the
beginning of a Sufi tharikat.
So Tasawuf or Sufism is a general
term for Sufism in Islam with the main aim of getting a direct
relationship with God. In this case, the implied teachings of the
Prophet Muhammad SAW discussed with his friends what he got from the
Angel Jibril regarding the main teachings of Islam: Islam, Iman and
Ihsan. The three codes are implemented in the implementation of Sufism.
- The scope of Sufism content
1. Metaphysics, namely things outside the natural world
2. Ethics, which is the science that investigates good and bad by looking at human practice
3. Psychology, namely problems related to the soul
4. Aesthetics, namely the science of beauty that gave birth to art
- The purpose of Sufism
1. Trying to save oneself from belief - shirk and pride
2. Get rid of liver disease
3. Fulfill yourself with high Islamic morals
4. Reaching out to drajat ihsan in worship
- Benefits of Sufism
1, Participate in various roles in saving mankind from a state of confusion due to the loss of spiritual values.
2.
Introducing literature or an understanding of the esoteric (kebatinan)
aspects of Islam both to Muslim communities who are starting to forget
it and among non-Muslim communities
3. Affirming the esoteric aspect of Islam is the essence of Islam.